济南订做食品包装袋:食品包装袋的检验标准

来源：/ 日期：2024-05-13

　　食品包装袋的检验标准

Inspection standards for food packaging bags

　　软包装行业中的食品包装袋的质量，尤其是卫生质量直接关系到所包装的食品，因此要保证所使用的原材料、添加剂符合质量要求的管理制度。

The quality of food packaging bags in the flexible packaging industry, especially the hygiene quality, is directly related to the safety of the packaged food. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure that the raw materials and additives used meet the quality requirements of the management system.

　　须健全包装膜袋的行业和标准并严格执行，加强对食品包装的检验监督，防止不合格的食品包装流入市场，加强管理，才得以保障软包装行业的健康发展。

It is necessary to improve the industry and national standards for packaging film bags and strictly implement them, strengthen inspection and supervision of food packaging, prevent unqualified food packaging from entering the market, strengthen management, in order to ensure the healthy development of the flexible packaging industry.

　　食品包装单膜袋的检验项目主要分为以下几大类：

The inspection items for food packaging single film bags are mainly divided into the following categories:

　　外观不得有对使用有碍的气泡、穿孔、水纹、暴筋、塑化不良、鱼眼僵块等疵病。

The appearance must not have defects such as bubbles, perforations, water marks, bulging, poor plasticization, and fish eye stiffness that hinder use.

　　规格、宽度、长度、厚度偏差均应有规定的范围内。

The deviation of specifications, width, length, and thickness should be within the specified range.

　　物理机械性能包括拉伸强度、断裂伸长率，它是反映产品在使用过程中随拉伸的能力，如果此项不合格，在使用过程中食品包装袋容易出现破裂、损坏现象。

The physical and mechanical properties include tensile strength and elongation at break, which reflect the ability of the product to stretch during use. If this item is not qualified, food packaging bags are prone to cracking and damage during use.

　　卫生性能

Hygienic performance

　　包括蒸发残渣（乙酸、乙醇、正己烷）、高锰酸钾消耗量、重金属、脱色试验。蒸发残渣是反映食品包装袋在使用过程中遇醋、酒、油等液体时析出残渣、重金属的可能性，残渣和重金属会对人体健康产生不良影响，此外残渣还会直接影响食品的色、香、味等食用质量。

Including evaporation residue (acetic acid, ethanol, n-hexane), potassium permanganate consumption, heavy metals, and decolorization test. Evaporation residue reflects the possibility of food packaging bags precipitating residues and heavy metals when encountering liquids such as vinegar, wine, and oil during use. Residues and heavy metals can have adverse effects on human health. In addition, residues can directly affect the color, aroma, taste, and other edible quality of food.

　　降解性能

Degradation performance

　　根据产品的降解类型不同，可分为光降解型、生物降解型、环境降解型。降解性能是反映产品在使用废弃后被环境接纳的能力，如果降解性能好，袋就会在光照和微生物的共同作用下，自行断裂、分化和降解，终成为碎屑，为自然环境所接纳；如果降解性不好就不会被环境接纳，从而形成“白色污染”。

According to the different degradation types of products, they can be divided into photodegradation type, biodegradation type, and environmental degradation type. The degradation performance reflects the ability of a product to be accepted by the environment after being discarded. If the degradation performance is good, the bag will break, differentiate, and degrade on its own under the joint action of light and microorganisms, ultimately becoming debris and accepted by the natural environment; If the biodegradability is poor, it will not be accepted by the environment, resulting in "white pollution".

　　食品包装复合膜袋的检验项目主要分为以下几类：

The inspection items for food packaging composite film bags are mainly divided into the following categories:

　　外观应平整，无划伤、烫伤、气泡、破油和折皱，热封平整、无虚封。薄膜不得有裂纹、孔隙和复合层分离。无杂质、异物和油渍等污染。

The appearance should be flat, without scratches, burns, bubbles, oil damage, and wrinkles, and the heat seal should be flat and without any false seals. The film must not have cracks, pores, or separation of the composite layer. No contamination such as impurities, foreign objects, and oil stains.

　　袋装浸泡液，不得有异味、异臭、浑浊和脱色现象。

The bagged soaking solution must not have any odor, odor, turbidity, or discoloration.

　　需要指出的是，我国对食品包装材料除上述的相应卫生标准外，还有二个法律法规：一是《中华人民共和国食品卫生法》，二是《食品用塑料制品及原材料管理办法》。

It should be pointed out that in addition to the corresponding hygiene standards mentioned above, China also has two laws and regulations for food packaging materials: the Food Hygiene Law of the People's Republic of China and the Measures for the Management of Plastic Products and Raw Materials for Food Use.

　　食品卫生法的内容比管理办法要多，是综合性的法律，而后者是性的，仅指塑料制品及原材料，管理范围限在接触食品的各种塑料食具、容器、生产管道、输送带和塑料做成的包装材料及其所使用的合成树脂和助剂。所谓塑料食具是指勺、匙、筷子等短时间接触食品但要反复使用的塑料制品。所谓容器是指桶、瓶、盆、杯等盛装食品的塑料制品。所谓生产管道是指食品加工过程中物料，特别是液体食品或饮料流过的管道，也应包括贮灌在内。所谓输送带是指运送食品原料到加工设备中去的载体，而包装材料是指单片和复合的瓶、桶、托盘、卷膜和袋，其中的卷膜包装保鲜膜、封盖膜和制袋膜。制造食品软包装、复合包装材料的所有厂家应该严格执行这个管理办法。

The content of the Food Hygiene Law is more comprehensive than the management methods, and the latter is professional, only referring to plastic products and raw materials. The scope of management is limited to various plastic tableware, containers, production pipelines, conveyor belts, packaging materials made of plastic that come into contact with food, as well as the synthetic resins and additives used. The so-called plastic tableware refers to plastic products such as spoons, spoons, chopsticks, etc. that come into contact with food for a short period of time but need to be reused. The so-called container refers to plastic products such as barrels, bottles, pots, and cups that hold food. The so-called production pipeline refers to the pipeline through which materials, especially liquid food or beverages, flow during the food processing process, and should also include storage and filling. The so-called conveyor belt refers to the carrier that transports food raw materials to processing equipment, while packaging materials refer to single and composite bottles, barrels, trays, rolls, and bags, among which roll film packaging fresh-keeping film, sealing film, and bag making film. All manufacturers of food flexible packaging and composite packaging materials should strictly implement this management method.

　　物理机械性能

Physical and mechanical properties

　　包括拉伸强度、断裂伸长率，它是反映产品在使用过程中承受拉伸的能力，如果此项不合格，在使用过程中食品包装袋就容易出现破裂、损坏现象。

Including tensile strength and elongation at break, it reflects the product's ability to withstand tension during use. If this item is not qualified, food packaging bags are prone to cracking and damage during use.

　　此外还包括气体透过量等气体阻隔性指标；耐油度指标、耐热、耐寒、耐介质性；袋的封口剥离力、袋的耐压和耐跌落性等指标，这些指标反映了食品包装袋的对内包装物保护的可靠性。

In addition, it also includes gas barrier indicators such as gas permeability; Oil resistance index, heat resistance, cold resistance, and medium resistance; The sealing and peeling force of the bag, the pressure resistance and drop resistance of the bag, and other indicators reflect the reliability of food packaging bags in protecting the inner packaging materials.

　　塑料薄膜袋的加工一定要经过加热这道关，而塑料在受热时存在着裂解、氧化、降解、变质的问题，因此，在用树脂加工塑料薄膜或袋时，要在树脂中加入抗氧化剂、热稳定剂等助剂。有些包装薄膜袋由于包装工艺和机械或内容物的需要还要求抗静电、防结露、高爽滑，所以还要加入抗静电剂、防雾剂、润滑剂、开口剂等助剂。所有这些助剂，都要经《食品性毒理学评价程序》的试验检测，证明才可使用，但也有一个添加量的限制。所以，在制品中，这些能被抽提出来的低分子量物质，也就是蒸发残渣，或能被氧化变质的东西，也就是高锰酸钾消耗量，不能超过规定的量，超过了就不能使用。因此，对成型品还要有相应的卫生标准，其目的，就是防止乱用和滥用添加剂，就是要更好地保障直接包装和接触食品的材料具有高度的卫生性能。

The processing of plastic film bags must go through the process of heating, and plastics have problems of cracking, oxidation, degradation, and deterioration when heated. Therefore, when using resin to process plastic films or bags, antioxidants, heat stabilizers, and other additives should be added to the resin. Some packaging film bags require anti-static, anti condensation, and high smoothness due to the packaging process and mechanical or content requirements, so anti-static agents, anti fog agents, lubricants, opening agents, and other additives need to be added. All these additives must first undergo experimental testing according to the Food Safety Toxicology Evaluation Program to prove that they are non-toxic before they can be used, but there is also a limit on the amount of additives added. So, in the product, these low molecular weight substances that can be extracted, such as evaporated residues or things that can be oxidized and spoiled, namely potassium permanganate consumption, cannot exceed the specified amount, and beyond that, they cannot be used. Therefore, there should be corresponding hygiene standards for molded products, with the aim of preventing misuse and abuse of additives, and better ensuring that materials directly packaged and in contact with food have high hygiene and safety performance.

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